Philadelphia Vireo

Table

Philadelphia Vireo – Accepted
1. 09 Oct 1965	HY	Tijuana R. valley SD	1986-029	10	ph., SDNHM 35511
2. 16 Sep 1967	HY	Fairhaven HUM	1984-206	10	ph., MVZ 158781
3. 14 Sep 1969	HY	Southeast Farallon I. SF	1984-014	9	ph., CAS 68462
4. 09 Nov 1969	AHY	Pt. Loma SD	1985-014	10	ph., SDNHM 37390
5. 04–11 Oct 1970		Tijuana R. valley SD	1986-135	11
6. 28 Sep 1974		Bodega Bay SON	1986-345	14
7. 17–21 Oct 1974		Tijuana R. valley SD	1980-142	6
8. 12 Jun 1975		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1986-346	14
9. 14 Sep 1975		Anacapa I. VEN	1975-044	3
10. 16–22 Sep 1975		Fairhaven HUM	1977-021	4
11. 19–23 Sep 1975		Pt. Loma SD	1976-020	3
12. 18–19 Oct 1975		Tijuana R. valley SD	1976-014	3	ph.
13. 24–25 May 1976		Oasis MNO	1976-105	3
14. 26–27 May 1976		Scotty’s Castle INY	1976-104	3
15. 19 Sep 1976		Tijuana R. valley SD	1976-102	3
16. 22–23 Sep 1976		Pt. Reyes MRN	1976-106	3
17. 25 Sep 1976		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1987-106	14	ph.
18. 10 Oct 1976		Kelso SBE	1984-007	9	SBCM 30274
19. 12 Oct 1976		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1988-019	14
20. 15–17 Oct 1976		Pt. Loma SD	1976-101	3
21. 17 Oct 1976		Santa Barbara I. SBA	1976-103	3
22. 14 Sep 1977		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1989-006	13
23. 27–28 Sep 1977		Pt. Reyes MRN	1977-101	4
24. 16–30 Oct 1977		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1977-090	4	ph.
25. 23 Oct 1977		Kelso SBE	1978-022	4
26. 30 Dec 1978–12 Jan 1979		Harbor Lake LA	1979-008	5
27. 24 Sep 1979		Moss Beach SM	1980-194	7
28. 12–14 Oct 1979		Pt. Loma SD	1986-370	12
29. 12–14 Oct 1979		Tijuana R. valley SD	1980-150	6
30. 23–24 Oct 1979		Shoshone INY	1980-031	6
31. 26 Oct 1979		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1979-064	5
32. 14–16 Sep 1980		Watsonville SCZ	1980-224	7
33. 18 Sep 1980		Pt. Reyes MRN	1981-004	7
34. 26 Sep 1980		Pt. Reyes MRN	1989-012	13
35. 12 Oct 1980		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1980-225	8
36. 17 Oct 1980		San Pedro LA	1987-226	14
37. 19–25 Oct 1980		Deep Springs INY	1980-201	7
38. 26 Oct 1980		Pt. Pinos MTY	1980-226	7
39. 28 Oct 1980		Bolinas Lagoon MRN	1980-227	7	ph.
40. 23–29 May 1981		Oasis MNO	1981-062	7
41. 25–28 May 1981		Oasis MNO	1981-063	7
42. 29–31 May 1981		Oasis MNO	1981-068	7
43. 03 Oct 1981		Big Sur R. mouth MTY	1982-043	8
44. 04 Oct 1981		Pt. Reyes MRN	1982-033	9
45. 29–31 May 1982		Pt. Loma SD	1982-069	8
46. 29–30 May 1982		Oasis MNO	1982-063	8
47. 30 Sep 1982		Pt. Loma SD	1982-113	8
48. 15–18 Oct 1982		Wilmington LA	1983-020	8
49. 26 Nov 1982–01 Jan 1983		Huntington Beach ORA	1982-118	8
50. 26 Sep 1983		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1986-319	12	ph.
51. 26 Sep 1983		Pt. Reyes MRN	1983-072	9
52. 26–27 Sep 1983		Pt. Reyes MRN	1983-073	9	ph., Roberson (1986)
53. 02–03 Oct 1983		Oxnard VEN	1983-128	9
54. 02 Oct 1983		Kelso SBE	1984-006	9	SBCM 38070
55. 03 Oct 1983		Morongo Valley SBE	1983-122	9
56. 22 Oct 1983		California City KER	1986-333	12
57. 07 Oct 1984		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1984-220	10
58. 11 Oct 1984		Pt. Loma SD	1984-240	10
59. 17 Sep 1985		Oceano SLO	1986-078	11
60. 23 Sep 1985		Bodega Bay SON	1985-119	11
61. 29–30 Sep 1985		Pt. Reyes MRN	1985-132	10
62. 12–15 Sep 1986	HY	Southeast Farallon I. SF	1987-060	12	ph.
63. 13–14 Sep 1986		Fairhaven HUM	1986-433	12
64. 19–22 Sep 1986	HY	Southeast Farallon I. SF	1987-061	12	ph., CAS 84371
65. 01 Oct 1986		Carpinteria SBA	1986-447	12
66. 23–29 Oct 1987		Tijuana R. valley SD	1987-297	13
67. 01 Nov 1987		Oceano SLO	1988-002	13
68. 15–17 Jun 1988		San Francisco SF	1988-130	13	audio
69. 22 Sep 1988		Pt. Reyes MRN	1988-216	13
70. 03 Oct 1988		Carmel MTY	1988-243	13
71. 05–06 Oct 1988		Huntington Beach ORA	1988-254	13
72. 07–08 Oct 1988		Pt. Reyes MRN	1988-261	15	Fig. 255
73. 19 Oct 1988		Galileo Hill KER	1991-066	16
74. 06 Jun 1989		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1989-173	15	ph.
75. 03–10 Oct 1989		vic. Oxnard VEN	1989-203	15	ph.
76. 15–16 Oct 1989		Huntington Beach ORA	1989-147	15	ph.
77. 25 Oct 1989	HY	Southeast Farallon I. SF	1989-174	15	ph.
78. 04 Sep 1990		Smith R. mouth DN	1992-135	16
79. 22–26 Sep 1990		Pt. Loma SD	1990-152	16
80. 06 Oct 1990		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1990-173	16
81. 11 Oct 1990	HY	Harper Dry Lake SBE	1992-054	16	ph., SBCM 52732
82. 09 Oct 1991		Stinson Beach MRN	1993-061	17
83. 25–27 Nov 1991		Bolinas Lagoon MRN	1991-191	17
84. 14 Feb–17 Mar 1992		Goleta SBA	1992-087	18	Fig. 367, ph., AB 46:333
85. 10 Oct 1992		Galileo Hill KER	1992-280	18
86. 18–27 Sep 1993	AHY	Big Sur R. mouth MTY	1993-151	19	ph., Erickson & Terrill (1996)
87. 30 Sep–17 Oct 1993		Pescadero SM	1993-174	19
88. 06 Oct 1993		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1993-204	19	ph.
89. 07–14 Oct 1993		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1993-164	19
90. 07–16 Oct 1993		Bolinas MRN	1993-179	19
91. 09 Oct 1993		Big Sur R. mouth MTY	1993-201	19
92. 10–15 Oct 1993		Los Osos SLO	1994-041	19
93. 11–14 Oct 1993		Huntington Beach ORA	1993-172	19
94. 14 Oct 1993		Stovepipe Wells INY	1993-187	19	ph.
95. 09 Nov 1993	HY	Southeast Farallon I. SF	1993-205	19	ph.
96. 19–20 Oct 1994		Los Osos SLO	1994-173	20
97. 11–19 Sep 1995	HY	Southeast Farallon I. SF	1996-015	21	ph.
98. 24–28 Sep 1995		Princeton SM	1995-095	21
99. 30 Sep 1995		Irvine ORA	1995-115	21
100. 07–08 Oct 1995		Pt. Loma SD	1995-103	21
101. 22 Oct 1995		Pt. Loma SD	1995-112	21
102. 02 Oct 1996		vic. Ferndale HUM	1997-052	23	ph.
103. 06 Oct 1996		Bolinas Lagoon MRN	1996-135	22
104. 06–12 Oct 1996		Galileo Hill KER	1996-170	22	ph.
105. 10 Oct 1996		Montaña de Oro State Park SLO	1997-021	23
106. 15 Oct 1996		North Haiwee Reservoir INY	1997-020	23
107. 27 Sep–04 Oct 1997		Carpinteria SBA	1997-141	23
108. 24 Oct–14 Dec 1997		Irvine ORA	1997-180	23
109. 21 Jun 1998		Parker Creek Diversion Dam MNO	1998-104	24	ph., audio
110. 05–10 Sep 1998		Bodega Head SON	1998-134	24
111. 26 Sep–11 Oct 1998		Glendale LA	1999-037	24
112. 30 Sep 1998		Pt. Reyes MRN	1998-189	24
113. 02–03 Oct 1998		Fairhaven HUM	1998-152	24
114. 04 Oct 1998		El Grenada SM	1999-046	24
115. 12–22 Oct 1998		Huntington Beach ORA	1998-199	24
116. 27 Oct 1998	HY	Big Sur R. mouth MTY	1999-056	24
Philadelphia Vireo – Not accepted, identification not established
26 Sep–05 Oct 1970		Pt. Reyes MRN	1986-344	14
23 Aug 1973		Cow Creek INY	1977-134	5
24 Aug 1974		Tilden Regional Park CC	1974-077	3
08 Jun 1975		Upper San Leandro Res. ALA 1989-097/1989-211	15
14 May 1978		Scotty’s Castle INY	1979-050	7
21 Sep 1978		Southeast Farallon I. SF	1986-187	14	ph., Roberson (1980)
14 Oct 1978		Big Sycamore Canyon VEN	1981-036	12
22 Oct 1978		Pt. Loma SD	1979-049	5
19–20 Oct 1980		Golden Gate Park SF	1990-075	15
21 Oct 1980		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1986-432	14
15 Apr 1981		Cold Canyon SOL	1985-125	10
30 Aug 1981		vic. Auburn PLA	1981-048	7
08 Nov 1981		Furnace Creek Ranch INY	1984-165	10
22 May 1982		Arroyo Grande SLO	1982-052	8,11
27 May 1983		Laguna Dam IMP	1987-321	14
04 Oct 1983		Golden Gate Park SF	1987-099	16
21–27 Sep 1986		Pt. Reyes MRN	1987-050	12
15 Nov 1986		Carpinteria SBA	1986-471	11
17 Sep 1987		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1987-367	16
20 Sep 1988		Blue Lake HUM	1988-263	13
30 Sep 1988		Pt. Reyes MRN	1988-215	13
17 Oct 1988		Pt. Reyes MRN	1989-009	15
14 Oct 1989		Pt. Loma SD	1990-015	15
30 Sep 1990		Harper Dry Lake SBE	2004-568	16,30	SBCM 52709=Warbling Vireo, see AB 45:152, 1163
20 Apr 1991	2	Pt. Loma SD	1991-092	16
03 Oct 1992		Big Sur R. mouth MTY	1992-309	18
05 May 1994		Buena Vista Recreation Area KER	1994-118	20
02 Oct 1994		Carmel R. mouth MTY	1994-145	20
04 Oct 1998		Galileo Hill KER	1998-153	24
Philadelphia Vireo – Not submitted
03 Oct 1970		Kelso SBE		14	Garrett & Dunn (1981)
05 Oct 1975		Kelso SBE		14	AB 30:128
13 Oct 1975		San Pedro LA		14	AB 30:128
25 Oct 1975		Furnace Creek Ranch INY		14	Garrett & Dunn (1981)
27–30 May 1976		Furnace Creek Ranch INY		14	Garrett & Dunn (1981)
15 Oct 1977		Tijuana R. valley SD		14	AB 32:262
31 Oct 1982		Pt. Reyes MRN			AB 37:221
03 Oct 1983		Pt. Reyes MRN		14	AB 38:244
18 Sep 1987		Pt. Reyes MRN		14	AB 42:132
1 Sep 1990		Fairhaven HUM			Harris (2006)
31 May 1992		Pt. Reyes MRN			AB 46:477
16–17 Sep 1993		Fairhaven HUM			AB 48:150
24-26 Jun 1995		Trinidad HUM			Harris (2006)
16 Sep 1995		Mad R. County Park HUM			FN 50:112
10 Oct 1995		Big Sycamore Canyon VEN			FN 50:116
14–15 Oct 1995		Oxnard VEN			FN 50:116
23 Nov 1995		Morro Bay SLO			FN 50:116, with a photo
25 Sep 1996		Manhattan Beach LA			FN 51:121

Figures

Figure 255. By the end of 1998 California had accumulated more than 100 records of the Philadelphia Vireo, and the Committee stopped reviewing these records. Typical of this species’ mid-fall pattern of occurrence was this bird, sketched on 8 October 1988 at Point Reyes, Marin County (1988-261; Keith Hansen).

Figure 367. The first Philadelphia Vireo considered to have overwintered in California was this bird, present 14 February–17 March 1992 in Goleta, Santa Barbara County. This photograph was taken on 25 February (1992-087; Shawneen E. Finnegan).

Figure 368. Seasonal occurrence of the Philadelphia Vireo in California, showing a sharp spike from mid September to mid October and a minor pattern of spring occurrence, especially in late May.

Figure 369. Distribution of 116 Philadelphia Vireos accepted through 1998. Most records come from the central and southern coast, and each of three sites claim at least ten CBRC-endorsed records: Southeast Farallon Island, Pt. Reyes in Marin County, and Pt. Loma in San Diego County.

Philadelphia Vireo

PHILADELPHIA VIREO Vireo philadelphicus (Cassin, 1851)

Accepted: 116 (79%)	Treated in Appendix H: no
Not accepted: 30	CBRC review: records through 1998
Not submitted/reviewed: 18	Large color image: see Figures

This vireo breeds almost entirely in Canada, from northeastern British Columbia and the extreme southwestern Northwest Territories east to southwestern Newfoundland. The United States breeding range hews close to the Canadian border from north-central North Dakota east to northern New England. The species migrates primarily between the eastern Great Plains and Appalachian Mts., and through eastern Mexico, to wintering grounds that stretch from southern Veracruz to western Panama, with some birds reaching northern Colombia. A winter record from Louisiana joins those reported here as the only ones for the United States. A record from Massachusetts on 24 December 2003 (NAB 58:202) may have involved a late fall migrant. This vireo is a casual to rare migrant in the West, including the western Mexican mainland and Baja California Peninsula. North of California, the species has been recorded once each in Oregon, Washington, and central British Columbia, and four times in Alaska (fide P. E. Lehman). The species occurs accidentally in western Europe.

California’s first Philadelphia Vireo was collected on 9 October 1965 in the Tijuana River valley, San Diego County (McCaskie 1968b), and the species has been recorded annually in the state since 1974. The CBRC endorsed 116 records before review ceased in 1998, 88% (102 of 116) involving fall migrants between 4 September and 14 December (peaking mid September through October; Figure 368). The accepted fall records are divided almost evenly between northern and southern California, with concentrations at Southeast Farallon Island, Pt. Reyes in Marin County, and Pt. Loma in San Diego County (Figure 369). Only about a dozen fall records come from the southeastern deserts.

Most of the 11 records of spring vagrants (23 May–21 June) come from the Great Basin and Mojave Desert. Three records involve birds found in southern California during winter: Harbor Lake, Los Angeles County, 30 December 1978–12 January 1979; Huntington Beach, Orange County, 26 November 1982–1 January 1983; and Goleta, Santa Barbara County, 14 February–17 March 1992 (Figure 367). The first two may have involved late fall vagrants or birds that died in January, but the Goleta bird presumably overwintered. During the post-review period, a Philadelphia Vireo present 7–21 February 2003 in Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz County (NAB 57:254), provided California’s second conclusive winter record; birds photographed at the Mad River mouth in Humboldt County, 1–3 July 2004 (NAB 58:597) and at McGee Creek in Mono County, 30 June–13 July 2005 (NAB 59:652, 691) furnished the state’s first July records.

The Committee did not accept one-fifth of the records it reviewed. In most cases, details did not adequately eliminate the Warbling Vireo, a species that can look remarkably like a Philadelphia Vireo when in fresh formative plumage (this is particularly true for the smaller western subspecies, V. g. swainsonii). Even specimens have been misidentified (e.g., SBCM 52709, listed below under “Not accepted, identification not established”). Identification pitfalls were addressed by Terrill and Terrill (1981), Zimmer (1985), Binford (1985), Roberson (1986, 1993), and Kaufman (1990).